Ruby Modules && Mixins

include and extend in ruby

Today I would like to explain differences between include  and extend in Ruby.
Include: Include it is adding methods of a class  to an instance which we created.
Extend: Extend it is for adding class methods itself.

If we go with a simple example we can get a clear picture
module Advertisement
def advertisement
puts ‘upgrade to new rails version’
end
end

class Movie
include Advertisement
end

Movie.new.advertisement # upgrade to new rails version
Movie.advertisement # NoMethodError: undefined method ‘advertisement’ for
Movie:Class


class Game
extend Advertisement
end


Game.advertisement # upgrade to new rails version
Game.new.advertisement # NoMethodError: undefined method ‘advertisement’ for #<Game:0x1e708>


So that from above example we can get a basic idea that “include” makes the advertisement method available to an instance of a class
and where as the extend makes the advertisement method available to the class itself.